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Contents

In This Introduction

About This Manual

Software Dependencies

Assumptions About Your Locale

Demonstration Databases

Version 10.0 Enhancements

Version 9.4 Enhancements

Documentation Conventions

Typographical Conventions

Feature, Product, and Platform

Syntax Diagrams

Example Code Conventions

Additional Documentation

Installation Guides

Informix Error Messages

IBM Informix Dynamic Server Version 10.0 and CSDK Version 2.90 Documentation Set

Compliance with Industry Standards

IBM Welcomes Your Comments

Extending the Database Server

In This Chapter

Creating User-Defined Routines

Extending Built-In Data Types

Extending Operators

Building Opaque Data Types

Extending Operator Classes

Routine Management

Using a User-Defined Routine

In This Chapter

User-Defined Routines

External-Language Routines

Information About User-Defined Routines

Tasks That You Can Perform with User-Defined Routines

Extending Data Type Support

Supporting User-Defined Data Types

Creating an End-User Routine

Invoking a User-Defined Routine

Running a User-Defined Routine

In This Chapter

Invoking a UDR in an SQL Statement

Invoking a UDR with an EXECUTE Statement

Invoking a User-Defined Function in an Expression

Invoking a Function That Is Bound to an Operator

Named Parameters and UDRs

Invoking a UDR in an SPL Routine

Executing a User-Defined Routine

Parsing the SQL Statement

Optimizing the SQL Statement

Executing a UDR Across Databases of the Same Database Server Instance

Executing the Routine

Understanding Routine Resolution

The Routine Signature

Overloading Routines

The Routine-Resolution Process

Routine Resolution with User-Defined Data Types

Null Arguments in Overloaded Routines

Developing a User-Defined Routine

In This Chapter

Planning the Routine

Naming the Routine

Defining Routine Parameters

Returning Values

Naming Return Parameters

Using an Iterator Function

Adhering to Coding Standards

Writing the Routine

Registering a User-Defined Routine

Setting Privileges for a Routine

Creating an SPL Routine

Creating an External-Language Routine

Reviewing Information about User-Defined Routines

Using a UDR With HDR

Extending Data Types

In This Chapter

Understanding the Data Type System

Understanding Data Types

Built-In Data Types

Extended Data Types

Extending the Data Type System

Operator Classes

Optimizer Information

Extending Operators and Built-In Functions

In This Chapter

Operators and Operator Functions

Arithmetic Operators

Relational Operators

Overloading an Operator Function

Built-In Functions

Built-In Functions That You Can Overload

Built-In Functions That You Cannot Overload

Overloading a Built-In Function

Creating User-Defined Casts

In This Chapter

Understanding Casts

User-Defined Casts

Casts That You Cannot Create

Creating a User-Defined Cast

Choosing the Kind of User-Defined Cast

Choosing the Cast Mechanism

Defining the Direction of the Cast

Dropping a Cast

Creating User-Defined Aggregates

In This Chapter

Extending Existing Aggregates

Overloading Operators for Built-In Aggregates

Extending an Aggregate

Example of Extending a Built-In Aggregate

Creating User-Defined Aggregates

Support Functions

Resolving the Support Functions

Support-Function States

Using C or Java Support Functions

Example of a User-Defined Aggregate

Managing Aggregates

Parallel Execution of Aggregates

Privileges for User-Defined Aggregates

Aggregate Information in the System Catalog

Aggregate Information from the Command Line

Dropping an Aggregate

Creating an Opaque Data Type

In This Chapter

Opaque Data Types

The Internal Structure

Support Functions

Advantages of Opaque Data Types

Creating an Opaque Data Type

Creating the Internal Structure in C

Creating UDT-to-Java Mappings

Writing and Registering the Support Functions

Registering the Opaque Data Type with the Database

Granting Privileges for an Opaque Data Type

Creating SQL-Invoked Functions

Customizing Access Methods

Using the Generic B-Tree

Using Other Access Methods

Other Operations on Opaque Data Types

Accessing an Opaque Data Type

Dropping an Opaque Data Type

Writing Support Functions

In This Chapter

Writing Support Functions

Identifying Support Functions

Choosing Function Parameters

Setting Privileges for Support Functions

Data Types for Support Functions

The LVARCHAR Data Type

The SENDRECV Data Type

Handling the External Representation

Input Support Function

Output Support Function

Handling the Internal Representation

The Send and Receive Support Functions

Performing Bulk Copies

Import and Export Support Functions

Importbinary and Exportbinary Support Functions

The Stream Support Functions

Inserting and Deleting Data

The assign() Function

The destroy() Function

The update() Function

The deepcopy() Function

Handling Smart Large Objects

Handling Locale-Sensitive Data (GLS)

Locale-Sensitive Input and Output Support Functions

Locale-Sensitive Receive and Send Support Functions

Using Operating System Functions

Extending an Operator Class

In This Chapter

Using Operator Classes

Secondary-Access Methods

Operator Classes

Extending an Existing Operator Class

Extensions of the btree_ops Operator Class

Reasons for Extending btree_ops

Creating an Operator Class

Creating a New B-Tree Operator Class

Creating an Absolute-Value Operator Class

Defining an Operator Class for Other Secondary-Access Methods

Dropping an Operator Class

Managing a User-Defined Routine

In This Chapter

Assigning the Execute Privilege to a Routine

Granting and Revoking the Execute Privilege

Privileges on Objects Associated with a UDR

Executing a UDR as DBA

Using DBA Privileges with Objects and Nested UDRs

Modifying a User-Defined Routine

Modifying a C UDR

Modifying a Java UDR

Altering a User-Defined Routine

Dropping a User-Defined Routine

Improving UDR Performance

In This Chapter

Optimizing a User-Defined Routine

Optimizing an SPL Routine

Updating Statistics for an SPL Routine

Optimizing Functions in SQL Statements

Calculating the Query Plan

Specifying Cost and Selectivity

Calculating Cost

Selectivity and Cost Examples

Extending UPDATE STATISTICS

Using UPDATE STATISTICS

Support Functions for UPDATE STATISTICS

Using Negator Functions

Using a Virtual-Processor Class

Choosing a Virtual-Processor Class

Using Virtual Processors with UDRs Written in C

Managing Virtual Processors

Executing UDRs in Parallel

Enabling Parallel UDRs

Setting the Number of Virtual Processors

Monitoring Parallel UDRs

Memory Considerations

Memory Durations for C UDRs

Stack-Size Considerations (Ext)

Virtual-Memory Cache for Routines

I/O Considerations

Isolating System Catalog Tables

Balancing the I/O Activities

Appendix. Accessibility

Dotted Decimal Syntax Diagrams

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